Knowledge Check!

What does the first D in DRS ABCD stand for? *

Defibrillator

Danger

Diagnosis

Delegate

Why is "send for help" considered one of the most important steps in the DRS ABCD algorithm? *

It is a legal requirement before helping anyone

The 111 operator can coach you through the remaining steps and send an ambulance to the scene

It ends your responsibility as a bystander

It replaces the need for CPR

When checking for breathing, how long should you spend before deciding the patient isn't breathing normally? *

No more than 5 seconds

No more than 10 seconds

No more than 30 seconds

No more than 1 minute

What is the compression-to-rescue-breath ratio used during CPR? *

15:2

5:1

30:2

10:2

What chest compression technique is used for an infant (under age 1)? *

One-handed technique

Two-handed technique

Two-finger technique

Fist technique

According to the chain of survival, which three actions can be performed by bystanders in the community? *

Diagnosis, medication, transport

Early call to 111, early CPR, early defibrillation

Surgery, medication, monitoring

Triage, sedation, evacuation

What is the key difference between a mild and a severe airway obstruction? *

A mild obstruction is always silent

A severe obstruction allows an effective cough

A mild obstruction usually allows an effective cough, a severe obstruction does not

There is no difference

When beginning choking first aid on a responsive adult, what is the correct sequence? *

5 chest thrusts, then 5 back blows

5 back blows, then 5 chest thrusts

10 back blows only

Begin CPR immediately

How does choking first aid differ for an infant compared to an adult? *

There is no difference

The infant is placed face up on the ground

The infant is positioned over the rescuer's leg with hips above head, using back blows and two-finger chest thrusts

The infant should be shaken firmly

Which feature makes a panic attack more likely than another cause of breathing difficulty? *

The person cannot speak at all

Symptoms wake the person from sleep

The person can speak freely with little to no problems

Symptoms are triggered by exercise

Why is a paper bag rebreathing technique not recommended for a panic attack? *

It is uncomfortable for the patient

It can cause critically low oxygen levels

It works too slowly

It is only appropriate for asthma

In the asthma first aid action plan, how many puffs of a reliever inhaler are given, and how often should you reassess? *

2 puffs every 2 minutes

6 puffs every 6 minutes

10 puffs every 10 minutes

1 puff every 1 minute

What does the "A" in the FAST stroke test assess? *

Airway

Arm weakness

Alertness

Appearance

What should you do if someone shows signs of a stroke, even if the symptoms have started to improve? *

Wait to see if symptoms fully resolve

Give them food and water

Have them walk it off

Call for 111 immediately

What is the most common symptom of a heart attack in someone who does NOT have chest pain? *

Shortness of breath

Nausea

Dizziness

Fatigue

In the chest pain / heart attack action plan, how many milligrams of aspirin should be given orally (unless the person is allergic)? *

100mg

150mg

300mg

500mg

What is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis? *

Antihistamine tablets

Adrenaline (EpiPen)

Aspirin

Oxygen mask only

When using an EpiPen, where should the injection be given? *

Upper arm

Large thigh muscle

Buttock

Abdomen

What is the purpose of placing an unresponsive but breathing patient into the stable side recovery position? *

To make them more comfortable for transport

To manage their airway

To prepare them for CPR

To check for a pulse

Where should you position yourself to monitor a patient in a stable side recovery position? *

Behind their back

Up near their face so you can monitor their airway and breathing

By their feet

Once they're on their side you don't need to monitor anymore